Changing Behavior Case Analysis

Changing Behavior Case Analysis Carlissa Tigue Psychology Narketta Sparkman Baker College October 25, 2012 The client, Mrs Freeman has been a drinker for 15 years and she currently drinks a fifth of Vodka a day and a six pack of beer. She is the mother of three girls and three boys. She has developed health issues related to her long term drinking habit. Mrs. Freeman wants to quit drinking for her own health and the health of her children. Classical conditioning could explain Mrs. Freeman’s drinking addition. Her drinking acted as an unconditioned stimulus.As she continued to drink, she craved for more drinks and then stronger drinks this becomes her unconditioned response. Over time social, environmental and psychological influences became the conditioned stimulus for Mrs. Freeman’s drinking habit. When Mrs. Freeman finds herself in certain situations that make her feel uncomfortable her conditioned response is to have a drink. An example of this would be that Mrs. Fre eman finds having depending solely on herself stressful, so she has a drink or two or maybe three.Mrs Freeman knows that this is not the behavior she wants to continue but because of classical conditioning (Morris & Maisto, p. 153), she continues to drink whenever possible. The negative effects of her drinking are poor health for her and her children. The cost of buying liquid and beer on a regular bases are things Mrs. Freeman wants to stop. Mrs Freeman could use classical conditioning to learn to quit drinking. She also could go to AA meetings and get a sponsor. The meetings would be the unconditioned stimulus (Morris & Maisto, p. 154). Every time Mrs.Freeman wants a drink she could go to a meeting or call her sponsor. Mrs. Freeman should pay attention to things that upset her and led her to having a drink. She should continue to go to her AA meetings and talking to her sponsor. In time the continued behavior of going to AA and speaking with her sponsor would become her conditione d stimulus. When Mrs Freeman finds herself in a situation that she cannot handle, she calls her sponsor or attend a meeting, this would become her conditioned response to situation that she cannot handle. Operant Conditioning could also play a part in Mrs.Freeman’s drinking habit. Mrs. Freeman started drinking when she was younger, as she got older she drunk more due to pressure. She continued to drink because she had so much going on, that she could not handle. The good feeling associated with drinking acted as a positive reinforcement, that made her continue her behavior. Now that Mrs. Freeman is grown and all on her own drinking has had a negative effect on Mrs. Freeman’s life. She has gone to work drinking, and been warn not to do it again. This has not stop Mrs. Freeman from drinking, she now just hides her drinking better. Mrs.Freeman knows that if she continues this behavior, she could loss her job. She has been affected by both positive and negative reinforceme nt (Morris & Maisto, p 159). The negative reinforcement of drinking is poor health and the possibility of losing her job. These things have made Mrs. Freeman motivated to quit drinking. Instead of having a drink Mrs. Freeman will call her sponsor or even have a cup of coffee. She will reward herself by buying herself a new dress every time, she doesn’t pick up a drink. Mrs. Freeman is motivated to quit drinking for her health and the health of her children.Cognitive and social learning also play a role in maintain unwanted behaviors (Morris & Maisto, p 174). Growing up with a father who was drinking everyday played a part in Mrs. Freeman’s emotional state. She grew up not knowing that the same thing could happen to her. Mrs Freeman saw her father drinking every day, she stole drinks when her father was not around. Mrs. Freeman modified her behavior so that her mother nor father knew she was drinking. Seeing her father get yelled at by her mother led Mrs. Freeman to lea rning how to not get caught drinking.When she reached adulthood, she had tried to quit drinking on several occasion. She felt that it was something wrong with her. As a young adult just finishing school Mrs. Freeman felt overwhelmed, and the drinking become worst. This type of behavior is known as learned helplessness (Morris & Mastio, p. 164). My conclusion is that after speaking with Mrs Freeman, and hearing her story with drinking. Mrs. Freeman will continue to seek help to overcome her addition. With the right people and motivation, she will be fine. Mrs. Freeman will live a productive life in society if she continues to follow the plans that she has set forth.

Jury In “Twelve Angry Men” Essay

i. Why is it so difficult for the jury in Twelve Angry Men to reach its final verdict? Rose shows that in Twelve Angry Men it is difficult to reach a verdict when jurors essentially have pre conceived ideas and bring personal prejudice in a case, along with Jurors that lack interest. These factors undoubtedly cause conflict and difficulty in the Jury system, which highlights a potential weakness in the democratic process. The trouble also arises from the fact that Juror 8 is one of the few Jurors to initially deliberate honestly and thoughtfully and seeks to obtain justice. Rose suggests that there needs to be active participation In ensuring the jury system operates as intended, and when there is, the final verdict is easier to achieve. Rose suggests that it is hard for the Jury to reach its verdict when Jurors have pre-conceived ideas and show racism. Rose showcases the trouble in individuals having personal prejudice in a case as it can blind them from the facts. This in turn, hinders the Jurors to come to an agreement, as it thwarts their ability to reason and see things from another’s point of view. This notion is highlighted through the bitter Juror 10, who Is the embodiment of racism and prejudice. Juror 10 signifies the potential power of racism, as he believes â€Å"the kids who crawl outta those places are real trash.† Ultimately, this pre conceived idea creates difficulty in constructing a rational opinion on the case, as this belief closes the door on his ability to think from another perspective. In addition, It is difficult for him to reach an agreement as he isn’t prepared to dissect the â€Å"facts† from the â€Å"fancy.† This is further underpinned, as he can’t see the evidence from another perspective, as he is â€Å"sick and tired of facts.† His inability to consider another point of view articulates his close-minded character, that can’t see past his racism and pre conceived ideas. His resentment and bitterness is manifested in his behaviour, as he is â€Å"suddenly angry† or â€Å"disgusted†. This allows Rose to condemn those who cant see past their prejudice and justify why it is difficult for him to come to an understanding as his anger showcases his irrational and illogical character. Through Juror 10 Rose suggests that when individuals bring pre-conceived ideas and arnt prepared to deliberate truthfully it is difficult to come to an unanimous verdict. Rose also underpins the difficulty in coming to a final verdict by showcasing  individuals that bring personal prejudice in a case. Through juror 3, Rose underlines the effect personal prejudice can have on one’s ability to deliberate fairly. Juror 3’s emotional baggage hinders him from being able to go through the democratic process properly and determine the guilt or innocence of the defendant. Rose suggests that without careful deliberation it is hard to come to an agreed verdict as prejudice prevents individuals from carrying out their civic duty. Juror 3’s personal prejudice and experience is highlighted through his belief that the defendant has â€Å"got to burn,† which suggests that it is hard to see ideas from another’s view point, if an individual is more concerned with their personal problems. The difficulty in reaching a final verdict for juror 3 is underlined through his inability to listen to the other Jurors opinions, and is only able to agree with those who see it from his point of view. This is underlined through him constantly agreeing with those who criticize the boy as he comments â€Å"listen to this man. He knows what he’s talking about† and â€Å"that’s absolutely right.† His personal prejudice prevents him from having an open mind about the other Jurors opinions and can only agree with those who criticize the defendant. Through this, Rose comments on how difficult it is to reach a final verdict when Jurors that show prejudice aren’t open minded and arnt willing to discuss alternative ideas. Rose underlines how difficult it can to be reach a final verdict when individuals show a lack of interest for the case and arnt prepared to think for themselves. Rose implies that those who arnt willing to take the case seriously are a danger to the system and make it a struggle to come to a final agreement. Juror 7 is apathetic to the jury process, as he is more concerned with his own welfare than deliberating honestly and discussing the case. He represents those who place self interest above civic duty, which makes it harder for him to contribute to the final verdict outcome. His impatience and belief that discussing the case â€Å"better be fast† articulates his self centered nature and how he is more concerned with his own personal desires. In addition, it is through Juror 6 that contributes to the difficulty in coming to an unanimous verdict, as he isn’t prepared to think for himself. His lack of confidence and inability to contribute to the case is highlighted through him saying he â€Å"isn’t used to supposing.† Rose  suggests that in order for a verdict to be reached, all members must participate in an open discussion. While it is difficult to reach a final verdict, Rose suggests that the jury system requires participation in order for a verdict to be achieved. Juror 8 is one of the few Jurors that is prepared to stand up against the majority and defend the democratic process. It is difficult to reach a final verdict as Juror 8 initially is the only one who sees this as â€Å"grave responsibility† as the â€Å"death sentence is mandatory.† He shows his concern for the case as he provokes discussion and seeks to obtain justice. However, it is when many of the other juror’s arnt able to follow the process suggests that coming to an agreement is hard without active participation. It is through the active participation that allows the process to thrive and make it easier to come to a verdict. This is evident through quiet Jurors such as Juror 2 to participate and make a contribution to the case, making it easier to come to a final verdict. This is highlighted as he questions evidence â€Å"about the business about the stab wound and how it was made.† His ability to participate in discussion suggests that participation is essential in coming to a final verdict. In addition, Juror 9’s involvement picks up on the old lady’s eyesight, which is a leading factor to the final verdict. Therefore Rose stresses that in order for a final verdict to be reached, participation is required from the jury system. In addition, without contribution it makes it difficult to come to an agreement. Rose stresses how difficult coming to a unanimous agreement is when Jurors have pre conceived ideas, prejudice, racism and arnt interested in taking an interest in the case. However, he suggests that when Jurors make a contribution and actively participates an agreement is finally reached.

Canadian Senate Analysis

Canadian Senate Analysis The current government of Canada has remained in place since the British North America Act, 1867, which established the Parliament for Canada to be comprised of three parts: the Crown, the Senate, and the House of Commons. [1] Unique to Canada’s government, which is based on the Westminster Parliamentary System, is that the upper house of parliament, or the Senate, is comprised of unelected officials. For a large portion of Canada’s history there has been a debate concerning the Senate, largely concerning its unelected officials. While there has consistently been a discussion on if the Senate should be changed, Canada’s political parties cannot agree on if this change should be a reform of the Senate or its abolishment. In recent years this debate has been revitalized due to scandals concerning senators, Stephen Harper’s commitment to reform the Senate, and the Supreme Court ruling on what would need to be done to reform the Senate. While it is understan dable that some may want to push for the Senate to be abolished, this is much too drastic of a step for Canada to take and should not be taken just for simplicity’s sake. Democracies function and exist on mechanisms that help balance the power of the governing bodies to ensure that no one body or official has too much power and abolishing the Senate before attempting to reform it would give the House of Commons too much power. Prime Minister John MacDonald’s words are often used in explaining what the Senate does when he said that they are â€Å"the sober second thought.† [2] The reasoning for this is that by having politicians that are concerned for the long term stability and integrity of Canada and its laws and not concern themselves about being reelected and the perpetual campaign or about politics. Essentially they can give their full attention to being the check on the House of Commons. In addition, section 54 of the Canadian Constitution states that bill s which deal with any aspect of money, including appropriating revenue or creating or removing a tax, must originate from the House of Commons. [3] What this then causes, because most bills deal with issues of revenue or taxes in some manner, the vast majority of bills come from the House of Commons, which creates a unique dynamic between the two houses. [4] The dynamic that is crated is an uneven balance between the two in terms of the amount of work that is done. The House of Commons is the primary body that creates legislation and the Senate largely provides review and second thought on the issues addressed in legislation. While this may be the original thought, there are flaws to it. Many ideas on how to change the Senate have been proposed over the years, but to understand the current debate the most it is best to look at what each major political party current proposes. Currently the common discourse about the Senate is divided into three areas: main the status quo; keep the Senate, but reform it; or abolish the Senate in its entirety. Political parties of Canada have often differed on how the Senate should be approached and dealt with along the three lines. The New Democratic Party (NDP), especially in recent years, has been vocal proponents of abolishing the senate. The NDP has even gone as far as creating a website to promote the idea of abolishing the Senate, citing its unelected nature and high costs as reasons for it to be abolished. [5] The Conservative Party, on the other hand, has taken a different route and has attempted to reform it. Prime Minister Stephen Harper and the Conservative Party attempted to create a system whereby senators would be elected by the provinces for nine years. [6] The legislation that proposed this came in 2011, but the constitutionality of this effort immediately came into question and went to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court responded in 2014 when it ruled that any Senate reform must go be approved by at least seven provinces and half of the population. [7] The Liberal Party has not been as loud as the others, but did eject the senators that were part of the Liberal Caucus and released a statement declaring their support for reform of the Senate and the ejection of the senators from the caucus is the first step. [8] Each of the major political is in favor of some change to the Senate, which is a reflection of the opinion of Canadians.

The differences between the business plan and lean canvas Essay

The differences between the business plan and lean canvas - Essay Example The lean canvas application, on the other hand, is a simple problem and solution approach that enables the entrepreneur to develop or advance on a step-by-step basis. Although both offer analytical approaches that are vital to the prosperity and success of the business, both have varied criticisms. The business plan fails to take into account the business model management and performance measurement both of which are vital in allowing the continued business success. On the other hand, the lean canvas fails to offer an expected approach in a situation where the solution that is given to the initial problem becomes difficult or unrealistic to attain on the ground. When and why an entrepreneur should use the business plan or lean canvas The lean canvas is a helpful tool that helps the entrepreneur's design businesses. It is an ideal tool since it enables the entrepreneur to define quickly a business without necessarily having to outline a full business plan. The lean canvas utilizes a o ne-page business model that facilitates and helps the early stage startup that will enable the entrepreneur to identify quickly and overcome challenges. It identifies a target market, defines a unique business value proposition, tests the assumptions put forward by the entrepreneur and ultimately arrives at their first iteration. The lean canvas is vital in helping the entrepreneurs to gain clarity about their business ideas that will translate into an approach that is well defined to their markets and potential end users and investors.

Foreign Policy of North Korea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Foreign Policy of North Korea - Essay Example The intention of this paper is North Korea, or the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), as a country under the authoritarian rule of the military and the KWP, or the political party of Kim Jong-Il. Since the government and the military regulate every domestic institution in North Korea including the media and the schools, there is no known freedom of speech in the country. Moreover, according to the Amnesty International, North Koreans who are imprisoned or detained usually suffer from torture and other forms of cruelty and degrading treatment without due process of law. The prisoners are either beaten, forced to exercise, made to sit without moving for several hours, and publicly humiliated. Usually, because of these forms of cruelty as well as forced hard labor, lack of hygiene and inadequate food, prisoners usually fall ill and die some time during custody. As a response to the lack of respect for human rights in North Korea, the Citizens’ Alliance for North Korean Human Rights, or NKHR, was established on May 4, 1996 in Seoul. The purpose is to defend the human rights and defend the lives of North Koreans. The founder and current chairperson, Reverend Benjamin H. Yoon, emphasizes that the goal of the NKHR is for the creation of a peaceful reunification of the North and the South and the formation of a democratic national community that is expected to result from such reunification. The NKHR also seeks to assist North Koreans who have just settled in South Korea in the education of their youth and the protection of their rights. Moreover, the organization seeks to collect and publicize facts and information regarding the status of human rights in North Korea, especially those in political prison camps (â€Å"Citizens’ Alliance,† 2011). Nevertheless, the NKHR, since it is based in Seoul, cannot do much to help North Koreans in North Korea. Nevertheless, the institution of the NKHR is a crucial step and a beacon of hope for North Koreans whose rights are still being violated in their own country. II. Relations with Asian Countries ` North Korea’s relations with South Korea have been â€Å"difficult and acrimonious† since the Korean War and have been a sort of â€Å"mixed† policy since North Korea seeks to develop strong economic ties with South Korea but the former does not stop denouncing the latter’s relations with the United States (â€Å"Democratic People’s,† U.S. Dept. of State, 2011). After the Korean War, both countries actually affirmed their desires for the reunification of the Korean Peninsula but until 1971, there have been no possible way for the two Korean governments to officially communicate with each other (â€Å"Democratic People’s,† U.S. Dept. of State, 2011). The differing ideologies of the two Koreas, where the north assumes a rather communist and conservative role but the south a rather a democratic one, have been responsible for the delay of goals aimed at reunification. Moreover, the intervention of the United States and other member countries to the Six-Party talks and North Korea’s continual violation of international laws against nuclear missiles have also helped put aside and indefinitely postpone reunification. However, South Korea remains as one of the DPRK’s leading partner in trade (â€Å"Korea, North,† CIA.gov, 2011). Aside from South Korea, among the countries with which North Korea has had firmly established ties with was China. China is North Korea’s largest source of food, fuel and arms, and is its biggest trading partner. As to food, China is the leading producer and importer of 45% of North Korea’s food and 80% of the latter’s consumer goods. When it comes to energy resources, China provides North Korea with around 90% of the latter’s fuel. With North Korea’s current volume of imports from China, the economic dependence of the form er on

Reflaction paper for public health class (pbhl2000) Essay

Reflaction paper for public health class (pbhl2000) - Essay Example ver, hospitalization and morbidity statistics are too alarming that it remains a question whether our government is serious about its concern on public health. Published in 2004 in The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Zaher’s article titled, â€Å"Smoking-Related Diseases: The Importance of COPD† presents the glaring reality regarding our present public health status, that is, the government’s efforts to reduce smoking and promote public health are ineffective. Zaher et al.’s article article is very informative as it presents data about smoking-related diseases, especially COPD. It is also very implicative as it analyzes different cases of smoking-related diseases, and suggests more concern on COPD cases. Moreover, it is predictive as it provides the smoking disability adjusted life years (DALYs) till year 2020. The article presents valuable information about smoking-related diseases. First, smoking is still rampant, given the number of smoking cases and smoking-related diseases. According to the article, there is continuous increase in the cases of smoking-related diseases from 1999 and the number is still expected to increase in the future. In particular, deaths related to smoking are expected to increase from 53,238 in 1999 to 76,390 in 2020 (Zaher et al. 1425). Cases of COPD are expected to rise even more than other reasons by the year 2020 (Zaher et al. 1425). Furthermore, the cost of public health on smoking-related diseases alone is yet to rise with the continuous increase in the number of cases. Among which, lung cancer cost will remain the highest as it has proven in the year 2000 survey. Zaher et al.’s article is also implicative as it carefully analyzes different cases of smoking-related diseases. According to the research, limited attention is given to COPD, considering the higher cases of lung cancer and chronic heart disease (CHD). Nevertheless, the authors emphasize that more attention should be given to COPD

Nurse-Patient Ratio Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nurse-Patient Ratio - Assignment Example The increase in the work load resulted into the increased probability of fatality among patients i.e. 14 per cent within 30 days of admission (Mark, 2009). Addition of one patient among nurses’ workload leads to a seven percent increase in the mortality rate emanating from common surgeries. Increased workloads also lead to nurse burn-out and job dissatisfaction that acts as precursors of voluntary turnover (Aiken et al, 2007; Kane et al, 2007). Increased nurse staffing levels reduce the number of urinary-tract infections, pneumonia as well other ailments required for capital ailments (Rafferty et al., 2007). Comprehensive studies undertaken by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) confirms that there is a relationship between nurse staffing and health care outcomes (Kane et al., 2007). An increase in the nurse staffing leads to a reduction in the prevalence and mortality rates caused by treatable diseases. Although there may be other strategies required for imp roving hospital nurse number, improved nurse staffing is the most effective in the achievement of proper outcomes for both nurses and patients. The solution to the problem requires the input of the legislative arms in enacting regulations that addresses the shortage. Strategies to Influence Votes At the local level, nurses should be encouraged to use the reward power when lobbying for support from the legislators. The candidates should only be assured of votes if they offer their support to the health issue (Abood, 2007). The hospitals should be required to establish nurse controlled staffing committees. This creates the strategies necessary for matching the patient population with the available staffing. The results from such committee are presented to the legislative members to provide them with the real problem for support. At the state level, nurses should be involved in the sponsoring of the annual state legislative days to arrest the attention of legislators and influential le aders. The legislative days will be characterized by fellowships and internships that offer information on the importance of maintaining suitable nursing ratios for effective health care delivery. These workshops will bring nurses together and raise awareness on the current health care issues. Once the nurses are made aware of the situation, they can identify the pros and cons of the necessary solutions to the problem. Awareness will also motivate individual nurses to attract the involvement of colleagues in the issue. This leads to the formation of majority members required in encouraging the legislators in enacting the required changes in nursing. Focus on media will also play an eminent role in educating the public and politicians on the issue. This will win the required support from the public and nongovernment organizations. Increasing My Power to Influence Votes Individual efforts are eminent in mobilizing votes. The prominent strategy is the development of communication skill s necessary for influencing other people to listen and gain insight on the problem as well as the proposed solutions. Another personal strategy will entail joining professional nursing organizations with political affiliations. This will offer a chance to interact and influence professional lobbyists capable of influencing the necessary amendments among the ruling elite. Personal involvement will allow sharing of detailed information on th

Critical State Soil Mechanics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical State Soil Mechanics - Assignment Example The soil attains a critical state when there is a constant shear stress and no further volumetric strain occurs. However, dry soils often attain peak shear stress before attaining the critical state. Hence, the strength of the soil is based on its critical state strength and the peak strength. Critical state of soil continues to distort without further changes in void ratio or normal stress or shear stress, but the strains achieve turbulent flow. At the shearing point, soils achieve critical states, which are independent on the initial states. Hence, critical shear stress does not differ initially for both dry and wet soils since the void ratio and the effective pressure is the same (Atkinson 2007). The critical state parameters are l, M, and G. Soil sample changing states are easily indicated by the specific volume, deviatoric stress and effective mean stress. The key laboratory tests that can be used in the estimation of critical state parameters are the triaxial (axial symmetry) test and simple or direct shear test. These test samples should have a consolidation, which is related to the effective pressure at the onset of the tests (Joseph 2009). Further, the tests should have continuity to such a large extent of the strains for the samples to achieve critical states. Some samples, especially the ones that are over-consolidated tend to fail prior to the attainment of the critical state. Peak strengths indicate points that are on top of the critical state lines of the (p’, q) plot. Further, drained isotropic unloading and loading aids in the determination of l and k in the apparatus of triaxial. Stress path tests also aid in parameters determination. Hence, different tests (triaxial extension, triaxial compression) offer different M values while l varies with respect to the unloading degree or stress level. Such necessitates the reconsolidation of samples of soil to the effective stresses in the field for the application of the

Dunlaps aim for ailing companies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dunlaps aim for ailing companies - Essay Example During 1997, Sunbeam's management also showed hoax guaranteed sales, improper bill and hold book sales and also resorted to other fraudulent practices. Out of the net income of US$ 189 million, it is estimated that at least US$ 62 million was from fraudulent accounting practices followed by the company. Dunlap was a management expert who specialized in quick fix solutions for ailing companies. Critics say that he specialized in streamlining the bottom-line of the ailing firms by firing employees and resorting to other cost cutting measures. This would make the company more profitable in the short term, but add to difficulties since such measures would equally strip the company of both talent and capability to compete in the international environment. They point to the fact that most of Dunlap's previous firms have been put up for sale after the dramatic recovery they staged and have never been capable of outdoing its competition on its own. Dunlap's aim has always been to improve the performance of the company on the books and then sell it off at higher prices as the stock value escalates in the expectation of higher returns. At Sunbeam, he attempted the same strategy and did nothing creative about it. In order to cut short the time frame to correct the company's book, he resorted to sales and accounting frauds and the debt financing of three acquisitions to increase the turnover and asset base of the firm. The celebrity CEO was also followed closely by the media who was highly skeptical of his style of aggressive and inhuman decisions. The over ambitious CEO was overpowered by the media who alerted the shareholders and the authorities about his way of functioning and the glorification of the company destined to doom. The senior management of the company also did little to control the massive information leakage once the media opened the lid of the mismanagement can. The CEO had cut over half of Sunbeam's jobs soon after he took over. The share price shot up to over US$ 53 in 1997 from a mere US$ 12. Many share holders had already sold their stake in the company. But growing public concern led to the CEO himself being victimized at the end. The board of directors fired Duncan to save their embarrassment and filed for closure. 3. Identify ethical issues that Dunlap's management team may have created by adopting a short - run focus on financial performance. What lessons could be learned from the outcome Dunlap's management team had overlooked the primary aim of all businesses - to create social wealth. He had specialized in the short run concept after he discovered the pleasure of making money by selling off his previous firms to high bidders who bought the revived companies to add to their wealth. But in the process of streamlining a sinking firm, he had thrown overboard a large chunk of its employees and the beneficiaries of its functioning. His focus was always the small community

News of the week (responses) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

News of the week (responses) - Assignment Example On top of that I have also seen people who are mentally ill because of marijuana. Although I like the point where he says that comparing alcohol with marijuana is setting the bar too low. This is because I have seen people who alcohol has ruined their families completely and some of them have died. In connection to this, marijuana should be considered as lethal as any poison. Opinion. For a long time the Taliban militia group have caused instability in Afghanistan. I believe the government is in the right direction, by trying to achieve an alternative solution to the problem. Although, it is not good to encourage negations with militia group unless in extreme situations. In connection to this, it is important that a permanent solution be found to resolve the issue. Ahmed, Munir. â€Å"Pakistani officials hold direct talks with Taliban†. Chicago Sun –Times March 26, 2014. Web. 31 March, 2014. Hamn, Trent. â€Å"4 Ways to Lower Your Home Energy Bill This Spring† March 25, 2014. Web. 31 March, 2014.

See the Truth, Perceive the Lie Essay Example for Free

See the Truth, Perceive the Lie Essay Nietzsche explains nature as an overall relative to humans; he proposes a potent and significant explanation of the development of language and the realization of concepts. He achieves this by exploiting the successive effects on human awareness. He suggests that originally humans were an artistically creating subject as he puts it. Whose essential human determination is the construction of metaphors? Due to evolution, humankind developed a capacity to reason, distrust, remember, and control. Humans were driven by instincts which established themselves directly into inventive sounds, gestures and metaphors. Humans thereof signify the motivation, which ultimately develops into the base of language. As a result, humans manipulate this metaphor of understanding a stimulus, which may well vary from one to another; as it is totally subjective. The ossification of language begins, these instinctual sounds are combined and expanded throughout a community, and arise to turn into ordered and solid words which in sequence combine into a progressively established language. In such manner, language turns into an unyielding, sum of common notions, perceptions, and ideas. Now, as soon as the reader gets comfortable with Nietzsche’s view of language. Everything changes, language arbitrates amongst the human perception and the reality being sensed, this transition happens when he explains that, in order for us to further study the development of concepts. We need consider that â€Å"every concept arises from the equation of unequal things† which he considers â€Å"cases which are never equal and thus altogether unequal†, in other words, every word immediately becomes a concept exactly to the extent that it is not intended to function as a reminder of the sole and fully individual unique experience to which it owes its source; but it would be better to say, a word converts into a concept in that it all together has to fit a myriad more or less related cases, in which situation if I consider only the boundaries proposed by Nietzsche, I conclude in harmonizing with his point of view. In addition to constructing language, humans likewise form concepts for everything they come across. Nietzsche describes that concepts are groupings wherein the mind unconsciously collects analogous matters into, despite the fact that actually, each person is sole and individualized. Nietzsche gives the example â€Å"Just as it is certain that one leaf is never totally the same as another, so it is certain that the concept leaf is formed by arbitrarily discarding these individual differences and by forgetting the distinguishing aspects†. Wherein one comprehends a leaf, were many have ever been alike who have similar physiognomies thus we classify each one as a leaf. This in my opinion is tremendously subjective as he proves it. Consider the Platonic realism, or even, in metaphysics, a universal. Where it is explained what particular things have in common, namely characteristics or qualities; by Plato these are inherit to our existence and just scaled to what is grasped. But for Nietzsche, humans clutch everything in order to have a certain kind of organization and case inside their personal environment, crafting yet an additional sense of truth. In distinction to the unexpected, unsettled realm of sense, in Nietzsche’s view, the structure of ideas exhibits solid uniformity and breathes out in reason the power and â€Å"coolness† which characterizes mathematics. As Nietzsche declares, no one who has sensed this calm gasp of reason will hardly be certain that even the concept that is as â€Å"bony, foursquare, and transposable as a die† is nonetheless just the â€Å"residue of a metaphor† , and that the impression which is involved in the creative conversion of a nerve stimulus into images, is the foundation of every single concept. But in this sense truth means â€Å"never violating the order of caste and class rank†. This relation of math, logic, and reason with â€Å"truth† is the only case were I wholly come to an agreement with Nietzsche, and wish to point out the importance, especially of math, as a tool used to understand the surrounding world. Nietzsche reasons that concepts do not occur in nature for the reason that each solitary creature and object is individualized and sole in one way or another and as a result, cannot be considered an additional foundation of truth. Essentially, Nietzsche trusts that we ought to take every incentive and consider it according to its distinct features as an alternative of grouping them into concepts. The conceptual order is stratified by a pyramidal order according to castes and degrees, the creation of a new world of laws, privileges, subordinations, and clearly marked boundaries†. The conceptual direction challenges humanity as more dense, more general, better recognized, a â€Å"new world†. This new world as Nietzsche describes â€Å"seeks a new realm and another channel for its activity, and it finds this in myth and in art generally†. This determination constantly puzzles the conceptual categories and groups by bringing onward new changes, metaphors, and metonymies. It persistently shows a passionate need to alter the world which presents itself to humans, so that it will remain as â€Å"colorful, irregular, lacking in results and coherence, charming, and eternally new as the world of dreams†. But there is one detail left unnoticed by Nietzsche. The tendency of humans to rule over one’s kind. Governments, religions, all bring forth ranks, classes, castes. Every human under such parent, directly or indirectly is never able to freely sense â€Å"truth† in its most accessible form so to build upon it, which results in the imprisonment and trickery forced upon such humans into building up on virtual, man-made â€Å"truths†. Nietzsche considers this environment of fixed concepts is in need of an insolent, inventive reply. â€Å"But man has an invincible inclination to allow himself to be deceived D and is, as it were, enchanted with happiness when the rhapsodist tells i him epic fables as if they were true, or when the actor in the theater acts more royally than any real king. So long as it is able to deceive without injuring, that master of deception, the intellect, is free; it is released from its former slavery and celebrates its Saturnalia. † he endorses an existential valor that declines the power of the conceptual order, its sanctions and embargos, and its inevitabilities. This transition is one from sanction to character. The artistic determination is not strictly defeated but hardly restrained. In other words, this enormous charter and laying of concepts to which the penurious man grips his entire existence so that he may reserve himself is but a framework and puppetry for the most daring acts of the freethinking intellect. In a few words, I myself do not completely agree with Nietzsche on the matter of language and concepts. If for example we take into consideration any other intelligent species on our planet besides humans, we can clearly note that a form of communication exists between them, and furthermore there exist a primitive form of conceptualization. If for example dogs are considered, it is evident that dogs are clearly able to communicate with each other, even with humans at some degree; this could be a form of language (for them). Again dogs, can obviously distinguish a car from a human, they can even tell apart humans from one to another as a dog will not attack his owner, or even the owners friends and family, when guarding the house. In my opinion this demonstrates how it is natural to manifest language and concepts, which shows that it is nature’s choice to be projected to us in such manner. Nietzsche’s sole target, in my understanding, is to demonstrate that language, concepts, truths, and lies are all unreal, just a view, since humans were the ones who fashioned language and in sequence, concepts, which in Nietzsche’s opinion do not truly exist in nature. Instead, we use it to sort and organize our own surroundings while using it as a way to cooperate with other humans. But if we really wish to be so subjective about our surroundings then even Nietzsche is wrong. If we really aim to judge what is true and what is not, then we should consider a higher form of perception, our brain itself. We see through our eyes, but are these images the actual view of this world? We hear with our ears, but are these sounds really there? We smell with our nose, but is this the actual scent? We feel when we touch, but is there really something there?

The Tsarist regime between 1881-1904 Essay Example for Free

The Tsarist regime between 1881-1904 Essay Why did opposition to the Tsarist regime increase between 1881-1904? Page 1 Opposition to Tsarist Government had long been a feature of the Romanov rule with strict laws in place to oversee that nobody spoke out against the Tsar’s rule. During the autocratic years from 1881-1904 Russia went through two Tsars, Alexander III and his successor Nicholas II both obsessed with keeping absolute power over Russia. During that period it was an offence to speak out against the Tsar whilst nobody could challenge the Tsar’s rule as there was no parliament in place to speak for the people and no free press which meant that no one could release information that might influence the people to revolt for a better quality of life. This led to a hard struggle for the Russian people who endured numerous years of hardship under the Tsar; however it also resulted in the formation of politically organised parties in Russia that would each have separate ambitions for what they wanted for the future of Russia and her people. The causes of Tsarist opposition could be argued to have been started by Alexander II who ironically was trying to stop opposition to the Tsarist regime by relaxing controls over the press and universities which inadvertently saw the emergence of the intelligentsia. After Alexander II assassination in 1881 the first signs of opposition to Tsar Alexander III where the educated and free-thinking middle class, who were able to travel to western nations and read new ideas that, had never before been herd of in particularly the idea of Karl Marx’s, Marxism where it was thought that the people would overthrow the government and become a Democracy, and without a state Russia would become communist. The 1890s saw the great spurt of modernisation and industrialisation in Russia. Modernisation was driven by one man, Sergei Witte, the minister of finance from 1893 to 1903. An increase in the production of coal in the Ukraine and oil in the Caucasus promoted massive economic growth. Iron, chemical, engineering, petroleum and steel industries were established within ten years. Although this benefited the Russian economy the growth in industrial workforce concentrated in urban areas. This along with the combined high taxes and low incomes caused terrible living and working conditions in the cities. Witte’s economic policy created long term discontent within the Russian people as the high taxes and low wages led to high poverty throughout Russia whilst the increase in peasantry created more pressure on the agricultural land which led to an economic slump after 1902 which resulted in an increase in unemployment. Civil unrest further increased in 1900-1902 with poor harvests leading to starvation and an outbreak of violence in the countryside. This civil unrest led to the formation of various political parties throughout Russia which became the main sources of opposition to the Tsar’s rule. Parties such as the Liberals, and Social Democrats followed the relatively new idea of Marxism. However the Democrats wanted a revolution whereas the Liberals thought they could achieve their aims through a series of non-violent protests. The Democrats would later split into the Bolsheviks who thought the party should be ruled under one central leadership and that the way forward would be revolution whereas the Mensheviks beliefs were more democratic as they believed in allowing each member a say. The Liberals would also later split into the Kadets who wanted a parliament and better re-distribution of land for the peasants but had no problems with a constitutional monarchy whereas the Octoberists who also wanted a parliament were more focused on increasing Russia’s economic strength. Page 2 A third party the Social Revolutionaries grew directly out of the Populists and continued their predecessor’s approach of terrorism to reach their aims as a group founded in 1879 â€Å"the peoples will† were responsible for the assassination of Tsar Alexander II whilst also continuing their extremist views into the early 1900’s between 1901 and 1905, were it was the terrorist faction of the Revolutionaries that dominated with over 2000 assassinations, including Plehve, the interior minister, and the Tsar’s uncle, Duke Sergei. Eventually this unrest along with several assassination attempts from the Revolutionaries resulted in Alexander III abdicating in 1894 leaving his young and shy son Nicholas II as supreme ruler of Russia. Nicholas was never interested in politics however he was a great admirer of his father Alexander III. He had been brought up to believe that repression was the only way to keep the Russian people under control and that any kind of reform would simply encourage them to want even more. Nicholas wanted to rule like an autocrat but he did not have the skill to do so as he was an untrusting individual always being afraid of conspiracy which led to him refusing chair meetings, only seeing his ministers one at a time, trying to use divide and rule tactics which ultimately led to the government not making any decisions for Russia. Nicholas II further created unrest as he was unwilling to give any concessions to national minorities such as Finns and Poles with any protests repressed and his secret police the Okhrana crushing political activists, rounding them up and exiling them. The culmination of the revolution reached its climax with the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War in February 1904. Defeats on land and sea at the hands of the Japanese military shocked the Russian public creating mass humiliation. The war was beyond any doubt a Japanese victory when Russia lost Port Arthur in January 1905. With the Russian peoples pride in tatters after defeat from what they believed was an inferior Eastern nation along with the war creating shortages in food, fuel and higher prices leading to further unemployment it seemed the last straw for the Russian people creating a huge upsurge of discontent. On the 22nd January 1905 Father Gapon and orthodox priest decided to lead a peaceful march of workers and families on the Winter palace in St. Petersburg where they wanted the Tsar to acknowledge the needs of the Russian people such as living conditions, poverty and starvation in Russia. However this peaceful protest soon caused mass panic for the police and authorities who did not know what to do, with no decisive leader they felt the only option was to fire at the protesters in the hope they would disperse. Hundreds of people died on the day that is now known as Bloody Sunday. This led to a national outbreak of disorder with strikes and riots in major cities whilst even minor mutiny in the Army and Navy who were ashamed of the defeat in the war, the Tsar was at war with his own people the revolution had begun. There were many factors of why opposition increased between 1881 and 1904 however the main reason was the introduction of western ideas to what had previously been a nation in isolationism with the prevention of free press. The ideas (Marxism) that had seeped in to Russia made the public question why they couldn’t have a say in how their country was run which led to the development and rise in organised political parties which became the main opposition to the Tsarist regime as both Tsar’s struggled to cope with what the people wanted. Ultimately the sheer size of Russia and its massive population made it impossible to govern and whilst Russia struggled to get out of its backward status the public’s welfare was compromised as both Tsars main priority was to increase Russia economically. This led to an inevitable uprising.

Online Learning vs Face-to-Face Learning

Online Learning vs Face-to-Face Learning Have you ever seen an advertisement on television that promotes acquiring a degree online? The advertisements make it sound easy and convenient to get a two-year, or even a four-year degree, for little of nothing, in a short amount of time, and big-time businesses will be begging you to work for them. However, is acquiring a degree online better than sitting in a classroom with a real-life professor? Do you receive more of a quality education in a classroom, face-to-face, or behind a computer screen? Face-to-Face learning is better than online learning because of the interactions and examples of face to face learning will benefit the learner the most. One of the most beneficial means of physically being in a classroom is the response time that a person receives from an actual person, such as a professor, versus an online class instructor. During face to face learning, a persons questions will get an immediate answer whereas online learning means waiting for a response. Studies show that immediate and efficient feedback response time is crucial to effective learning. In a classroom environment, you may also have the advantage of working in small groups where you can collaborate on difficult topics and receive immediate feedback from you peer groups as well. Sometimes, discussing issues or problems with your instructor in person is a lot easier than typing it out or trying to explain it in face-time online. Efficient and effective constructive feedback is imperative to proper learning environments, such as what a person would receive in an actual classroom. Attending classes in person also creates a disciplined, structured student. In todays society, it is crucial that students become more structured by attending scheduled classes. By abiding by a class schedule, this trains the student for real world situations, such as being on-time for a job interview or important business meetings. The online environment is usually more flexible as far as time constraints. A person does not have attend class at a specific time and can do household chores, take care of a baby, etc. Many people may see this as an advantage. (Lim, Doo Hun, Michael L. Morris). However, this is actually a disadvantage because it creates a carefree, lazy, and distractive environment. This type of climate cannot possibly properly prepare a person for a job, profession, or career. The online classroom is at an extreme disadvantage when trying to properly prepare a student for a structured, business-type atmosphere. One of the best ways to make new friends and meet new people by socially interacting with them is in the classroom. Meeting new people is a great way to sharpen your social skills and where else better can a person do that but in the classroom. Socializing with others is a perfect way to make future job connections, acquire new friends, maybe meet your soulmate. Online learning depletes a person of these socializing opportunities. It even impairs them further. Socializing face-to-face is becoming a trait that is harder to find in employers today. With increased amounts of text messages, social media sites, and other less invasive ways of interacting with other people, employers are struggling to find employees that know how to interact face-to-face effectively. They are a dying breed as we speak. Collaborating with others offers several more benefits for a student to be successful in the real world instead of spending time behind a monitor at home. A great way to learn how to interact with a superior is by being a student in an actual classroom environment. By interacting with your professor, this prepares a student how to effectively talk, respond, and work for a superior. Personalities sometimes do not mesh, they may even clash, but by learning how to deal with other personalities, this develops a more well-rounded individual socially speaking. Trial and error in how you respond and/or get responses gets students ready for real world problems, such as how to properly talk to your boss, how to handle difficult situations with co-workers, maybe even how to settle differences with your spouse. (Smith, Nigel V). By learning how to answer to a superior, even though it may be a professor or professors assistant, interacting with different types of people as your superior trains a student to become a more successful individual later in life. The classroom also offers several opportunities for a student to learn kinesthetically, whereas the online classroom fails the student in this area. Online learning obviously offers opportunities for visual learning, but it does not offer much else. The classroom offers so much more, such as hands-on trainings, visual and hearing enhanced learning, and other kinesthetic, or physical means, of acquiring information. By incorporating different learning styles, the success rate of learning highly increases. This creates a more successful learning environment for everyone. The online learning experience is very limited in capturing different learning styles and ultimately fails the student. The online classroom actually offers more opportunities to become distracted and stray away from better learning versus the physical classroom. Since the traditional way of learning has always been in a classroom, many people think that students become more distracted in this type of environment. (Bowen, William G., et al). However, the opposite is true. By doing online learning from home, office, or in a public venue, students are increasingly more distracted by other people, family members, and cell phones. Many classrooms limit students to being on their phones or laptops, therefore, decreasing the amount of distractions. Online learning actually increases the amount of distractions because most people access their online classrooms from home, their office or place of work, or in a public place such as a coffee shop. People with conditions such as ADHD or other learning disabilities are at even more of a disadvantage for a successful online learning experience. Finally, not everyone is equipped with fast-connecting internet, wifi, or has data plans that support the online learning environment. Many people live in rural areas where high-speed internet service or wifi is not available. Data plans and internet plans can be expensive, so people that are on a strict budget tend to stray away from costly internet and phone data plans. Sometimes internet connections can be interrupted by bad weather and can cause problems with your online learning experience. You may even lose your work if there is a power outage or your internet connection is interrupted. If you have a deadline, this could be a very bad situation. Face-to-face learning in an actual classroom is proven to be the better alternative when it comes to being a student. Despite our ever increasing use of technology, online learning fails to prepare a well-rounded student that is prepared for the real world. By increasing social interactions, becoming more structured in your schedule, and learning how to interact with authority figures, students are far more successful in their careers by accessing the traditional classroom option. However, as more and more online learning opportunities increase, face-to-face learning may fade away forever. Work Cited Bowen, William G., et al. Online learning in higher education: randomized trial compares hybrid learning to traditional course. Education Next, vol. 13, no. 2, 2013, p. 58+. Opposing Viewpoints in Context, link.galegroup.com/apps/doc/A323351286/OVIC?u=j020902xid=b03e0583. Accessed 7 Feb. 2017. Lim, Doo Hun, Michael L. Morris, and Virginia W. Kupritz. Online Vs. Blended Learning: Differences In Instructional Outcomes And Learner Satisfaction. Journal Of Asynchronous Learning Networks 11.2 (2007): 27-42. ERIC. Web. 6 Feb. 2017. Smith, Nigel V. Face-To-Face Vs. Blended Learning: Effects On Secondary Students Perceptions And Performance. Procedia Social And Behavioral Sciences 89.2nd Cyprus International Conference on Educational Research (CY-ICER 2013) (2013): 79-83. ScienceDirect. Web. 6 Feb. 2017. Yang, Yan, et al. College Student Effort Expenditure In Online Versus Face-To-Face Courses: The Role Of Gender, Team Learning Orientation, And Sense Of Classroom Community. Journal Of Advanced Academics 22.4 (2011): 619-638. Academic Search Complete. Web. 6 Feb. 2017.

Beauty, Biology, and Society Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Beauty, Biology, and Society What is beauty? How do human beings decide who is attractive and who is not? Society is full of messages telling us what is beautiful, but what are those definitions based on? Do we consciously decide whom we are attracted to, or is biology somehow involved? The issue of beauty and how we define it has been studied for centuries. Scholars from all fields of study have searched for the "formula" for beauty. Darwin in his book The Descent of Man wrote, "It is certainly not true that there is in the mind of man any universal standard of beauty with respect to the human body. It is however, possible that certain tastes in the course of time become inherited, though I have no evidence in favor of this belief." (1) Science has tried to look at beauty beyond the conscious level. It has tried to determine what roles biology plays in human attraction. Scientists have discovered that symmetry and scent play a role in defining human attraction. (3) But while this can begin to explain beauty on the most basic of levels, what accounts for variations in the standard of beauty? The idea of beauty varies within different societies and communities. Do these cultural preferences have a biological basis? What is the relationship between biology and society in relation to the idea of beauty? How do they relate to each other, and how do they differ? In particular what role does science play in the preference that many societies, (in particular South Asian, East Asian, and North American Cultures), have for fairer skin? Beauty is experienced through visual stimuli. The human being's intake of beauty is through both conscious and unconscious decisions. (4) (4) The question is what motivates our unconscious decisions... ...t/html/astrid/femphers.html 3) Evolutionary Psychology of Sexual Attraction https://cognet.mit.edu/login/?return_url=%2Flibrary%2Ferefs%2Fmitecs%2Fthornhill.html 4) The Biological Purpose of Beauty http://www.beautyworlds.com/beautybiological.htm 5) The Role of Afrocentric Features in Person Perception: Judging by Features and Categories , Journal of Personality and Social Psychology http://www.colorado.edu/~iblair/Blar_features.pdf 6) When Black Isn't Beautiful, , The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,3899316,00.html 7) What's In a Colour?. http://www.peak.sfu.ca/the-peak/98-2/issue1/colourbar.html1/ 8) The Colour Bar of Beauty http://www.peak.sfu.ca/the-peak/98-2/issue1/colourbar.html1/ 9) Races and Racism http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro02/web2/)%20http://www.geocities.com/pak_history/racism.html

Impacts of Urban Tourism Essay -- Economics Society Tourism

During the past few decades, traveling has greatly increased. Purposes of travel vary, some travel for business, some for leisure, some for the experience of different cultures, some for specific interests, or just for the pursuit of entertainment. More than half of the globe's population now lives in urban areas, these places are now the world's stage for many civilizations. They are centers of arts, entertainment and food, gateways to traditional customs and modern society, focal points for commerce, industry and finance, culture and people, icons and architecture, uniqueness and unity, and of course they give tourists a chance to experience diversity and creativity. However, to know what the city's strategies to attract the attention of tourist, there are cretin elements of urban tourism need to identify that lead to attract visitors to a city. Tourism is often associated with traveling to places away from home. Tourism has a big impact on the economic growth of some countries, which define the shape of their cities by producing different sectors like historic districts, convention centers, museums, malls, hotels, restaurants, and the list can be endless. Furthermore, tourism elements have been developed by cities for a variety of reasons including: situating themselves in the world by drawing a positive image and attracting visitors and for their money. As a result, by defining the primary and secondary elements in the tourist bubble, it could determine what effect urban tourism has on cities. Therefore, primary elements include: cultural facilities (museums and art galleries, theaters, cinemas, concert halls and convention centers), sport facilities, amusement facilities (night clubs, casinos and festivals), p... ...Marketing cities for Tourism†, page 54 Houston, and Sydney opera house all these icons play a big role in marketing their cities to attract tourists to visit. Overall, travel can change the spiritual as well as the physical existence of both visitors and host, therefore urban tourism refers to the consumption of city spectacles and cultural amenities by visitors. Also, it is important to point out that the tourist elements developed by most cities are portraying a product â€Å"the city† to promote it for consumers â€Å"visitors† in order of stimulating the urban economy. Works Cited 1. Bosley , Holly Elizabeth, Ph.D. Spatial conceptualization of the urban tourist bubble 2. Dennis R. Judd â€Å"Constructing the Tourist Bubble†, The tourist city. 3. Holcomb, Briavel â€Å"Marketing cities for Tourism†, The tourist city. 4. http://www.scholars-on-bilbao.info/

Metabolic Control Analysis(MCA) Essay -- Science Biochemistry

Introduction: In 1970s, a new method called (Metabolic Control Analysis) for analysing the distribution control of the flows and medium concentrations in the metabolic path between different enzymes that form the corridor, was developed by Henrik Kacser and other scientists. Since then, attention was paid to more research in this method and its applications, and developing analytical and educational tools (Wildermuth, 2000). In the flowing literature review, some examples of the significance of Metabolic Control Analysis, pros and cons will be discussed. Literature review: At first glance, engineering a metabolic system with aim of raising metabolite's yield or flux during a metabolic pathway system, could be done through the method of identifying and controlling, which called rate-limiting-steps. Rate-limiting steps is a certain steps in the paths that exercising the most control over the whole system. Though the good features of this method, the majority of experiments that were tried using that method to increase the pathway fluxes ended up with failure (Walker and Raply, 2009). In fact, the control of the system as a whole is distributed across the system’s components much more than esteemed. This area of distributed is a part of sensitivity analysis, which offered lots of applications for many engineering specializations and for economics as well. According to (Walker and Raply, 2009 ; Gunawardena, 2002), metabolic control analysis (MCA), was developed in 1973 in Edinburgh, by Henrik Kacser and Jim Burns, and, autonomously in Berlin in1974, by Reinhart Heinrich and Tom Rapaport through application of the general concept of sensitivity analysis, to provide a precise quantitative basis to determ... ... control and regulation. However, it is a good point to start for improving access to a deeper understanding better than what can be given by qualitative of conventional biochemistry. Works Cited Fell, D. (1997). Understanding the Control of Metabolism. London: Portland Press. Walker, J., & Raply, R. (2009). Molecular Biology and Biotechnology. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry. Wildermuth, M. C. (2000). Minireview Metabolic control analysis: biological applications and insights. Genome Biology, 1(6). Retrieved May 1, 2011, from http://genomebiology.com/2000/1/6/reviews/1031 Gunawardena, J. (n.d.). Notes on Metabolic Control Analysis. Papers and Presentations from the Virtual Cell Program. Home of the Virtual Cell Program, Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School. Retrieved January 9, 2011, from http://vcp.med.harvard.edu/papers.htm

De recursos humanos

IntroductionA country de Recursos Humanos e uma country multidisciplinar onde, sua aspiracao maior e a de integrar percepcoes, sonhos vitamin E desejos. Quando nos referimos a integrar, estamos querendo esclarecer ao leigo que a country de Recursos Humanos nao e uma country que treina pessoas, que recruta que avalia que remunera, que contrata, a country de Recursos Humanos vitamin E muito mais que isto. O Treinamento e a educacao profissional que visa adaptar O homem ao trabalho em determinada empresa, preparando-o adequadamente parity o exercicio de um lading podendo ser aplicado a todos os niveis ou setores da empresa. O Desenvolvimento tem a finalidade de aperfeicoar as capacidades e motivacoes make empregados a fim de torna-los futuros membros valiosos district attorney organizacao. As organizacoes tem questionado a eficacia hyrax acoes de treinamento, buscando avaliar o retorno de seus investimentos nessa country. 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O desenvolvimento Department of State profissionais tornou-se uma premissa mundial parity quem deseja sobreviver & A ; agrave ; acirrada competitividade imposta pelo fenomeno district attorney Globalizacao. Hoje, no mercado, nao existe mais espaco parity organizacoes que ainda teimam mutton quad acreditar que o investimento no capital humano e perda de tempo e de investimento.TREINAMENTOJa faz pacing que a country de Recursos Humanos passou de um simples departamento de pessoal para um agente de transformacoes na organizacao, provocando mudancas e oferecendo sustentacao na pratica das mesmas. A empresa que opta pela vanguarda em gestao de pessoas certamente obtera resultados beneficos a sua SA & A ; uacute ; de organizacional, aumentando a produtividade, garantindo a sobrevivencia do negocio e propiciando satisfacao aos empregados. Para isso, as empresas contam com ferramentas de gestao capazes de fomentar resultados satisfatorios. A Gestao de Pessoas envolve treinamento vitamin E desenvolvimento pessoal, recrutamento vitamin E selecao, remuneracao por competencias e habilidades e sistemas de avaliacao. O treinamento envolve basicamente quatro etapas: a ) diagnostico ; B ) desenho do programa de treinamento ; degree Celsiuss ) aplicacao ou pratica ; e vitamin D ) avaliacao vitamin E acompanhamento.DiagnosticoO diagnostico visa levantar as necessidades ( carencias em termos de preparo profissional ) passadas, presentes ou futuras por intermedio de pesquisas internas, a fim de descrever o problema vitamin E prescrever uma intervencao. 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Os treinamentos podem ser realizados no proprio lading, quando O objetivo vitamin E ministrar informacao, experiencia vitamin E conhecimento relacionados & A ; agrave ; s atividades, ou em classe, quando utilizam a sala de aula. Existem muitos recursos pedagogicos, didaticos vitamin E instrucionais que podem ser utilizados como apoio ao treinamento. Destacam-se os recursos auditivos vitamin E audiovisuais, que envolvem gravacoes de sound, videoteipe, videocassete vitamin E multimeios ; recursos visuais, como slides, transparencias, fotos, desenhos, quadro de giz, imantografo, impudent chart, album seriado, cartazes ; teleconferencias ; comunicacoes eletronicas: electronic mail ; e tecnologia multimidia. Alem do apoio make recursos pedagogicos, a selecao de estrategias instrucionais vitamin E outro passo importante. Estas podem ser mescladas & A ; agrave ; s tecnicas individuais vitamin E grupais, dependendo district attorney situacao mutton quad questao. 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A simulacao pode ser de dominio cognitivo, quando envolve a tarefa de solucao de problemas de planejamento de estrategias ou de tomada de decisoes ; de dominio psicomotor, que apresenta como vantagens a eliminacao Department of State perigos do treinamento em servico. Estudo de caso: vitamin E uma forma de simulacao voltada para o fornecimento de oportunidades de participacao no mesmo tipo de processo decisorio que O trabalho futuro exigira. Os dados podem ser extraidos de casos reais, inventados ou adaptados. Existem aqui Department of the Interior Pontus importantes a ser considerados: a ) evitar pensar numa & A ; uacute ; nica solucao ideal, pois & A ; agrave ; s vezes nao existe solucao ideal, apenas aspectos positivos vitamin E negativos de cada solucao possivel ; B ) analisar as decisoes e o processo que foi seguido para toma-las. Jogos: simula a realidade vitamin E envolve a competicao entre individuos, a fim de aumentar o interesse e a motivacao entre os participantes. Din & A ; acirc ; micas de grupo: utilizam a interacao entre os membros dos grupos como chief meio de ensino. Envolve tecnicas que promovem a solucao criativa de problemas complexos vitamin E tecnicas que estimulam a autoanalise vitamin E o aumento district attorney sensibilidade. Aulas expositivas: o treinador apresenta as informacoes, enquanto os treinados adotam uma postura mais passiva, predominantemente como ouvintes. A vantagem vitamin E que se consegue transmitir uma grande quantidade de informacoes num curto espaco de tempo. A chief desvantagem vitamin E que as aulas podem se tornar cansativas, prejudicando o grau de absorcao dos conte & A ; uacute ; Department of State.Aplicacao ou PraticaA aplicacao ou pratica depende de alguns fatores, tais como: adequacao do programa de treinamento & A ; agrave ; s necessidades da organizacao vitamin E dos treinados ; qualidade do stuff de treinamento apresentado ; cooperacao make gestores e dirigentes da empresa ; motivacao do treinando para aprender ; capacidade de aprendizagem do treinando ; aplicacao pratica e pacing de assimilacao do que foi aprendido ; elaboracao do stuff de treinamento, o qual deve ser significativo, ou seja, os metodos devem ser variados, inovadores e transferiveis para o trabalho.Avaliacao vitamin E AcompanhamentoTrata-se district attorney etapa concluding do processo de treinamento. Avalia-se, aqui, se o treinamento atingiu os objetivos, se atendeu & A ; agrave ; s necessidades da organizacao vitamin E hyraxs pessoas envolvidas, se houve retorno do investimento, Se as pessoas envolvidas se comprometeram vitamin E estao aplicando O aprendizado, se a produtividade aumentou vitamin E se o clima organizacional melhorou. A avaliacao pode ser feita de diversas formas: Avaliacao de reacoes: grau de percepcao do treinando em relacao ao conte & A ; uacute ; make make treinamento, metodologia adotada, atuacao do instrutor, carga horaria, material instrucional, aplicabilidade etc. Avaliacao de aprendizagem: novos conhecimentos ( testes objetivos ou com questoes abertas ) , aprimoramento de habilidades ( provas praticas ) vitamin E desenvolvimento de atitudes ( tecnicas de observacao direta, dramatizacao, escalas de atitudes e car relatorios ) . Avaliacao do comportamento no lading: amostragem de atividades: registro district attorney observacao do comportamento make treinando no trabalho ; diario de observador: o observador faz anotacoes sobre o treinando ; Auto diario: O formulario vitamin E preenchido pelo proprio treinando, sem a presenca do observador. Entrevistas e questionarios: sao feitas perguntas aos treinados referentes ao seu comportamento ou a seus superiores. Avaliacao do resultado: busca verificar mutton quad que grau O treinamento provocou as mudancas pretendidas pela organizacao. A avaliacao pode ser realizada mutton quad um prazo de 45 Diass apos a execucao do treinamento. A criacao de um clima interno favoravel ao treinamento, propiciando oportunidades para colocar mutton quad pratica O que Se aprendeu, e o comprometimento district attorney alta administracao sao fundamentais parity O sucesso do treinamento.DESENVOLVIMENTO DE PESSOASFocada na identificacao das blanks e definicao de acoes que permitam melhorar a capacitacao vitamin E o desempenho hyrax pessoas. Inclui processos de desenvolvimento como: Modelo de Competencia, Assessment, Coaching, Gestao de Desempenho, Planejamento de Carreira vitamin E Sucessao. Alem disso, inclui Programas de Educacao Corporativa voltados parity capacitacao Department of State profissionais. O desenvolvimento de pessoas tem Department of the Interior modos, Desenvolvimento de processos, e de Educacao Corporativa. Desenvolvimento de Processos visa os modelos de competencia que vitamin E uma ferramenta que parity as empresas ajudam muito, pois possibilita O alinhamento district attorney gestao Department of State recursos humanos cabal com a estrategia de negocios. Mostra claramente O que deve ser feita parity o alcance de patamares superiores de desempenho. Integram os processos de planejamento, avaliacao, selecao, desenvolvimento, remuneracao vitamin E district attorney carreira de seus funcionarios. Gestao de desempenho visa claramente o planejamento de avaliar o desempenho de forma criteriosa, juntamente com o processo de decisoes em relacao de treinamento e desenvolvimento, compensacao, promocoes, transferencias ou Ate mesmo desligamentos dentro district attorney organizacao, e atualizando o painel de funcionarios com recrutamento vitamin E selecao. Carreiras vitamin E Sucessoes e um sistema que visa complementar vitamin E ampliar a contribuicao Department of State funcionarios e conseguir capacitar cada vez mais pessoas e reter talentos dentro district attorney propria organizacao, e orienta a formacao Delaware lideres, focando uma estrategia de mercado a medio vitamin E longo prazo. Gestao district attorney relacao com O cliente Um processo que visa alavancar os resultados, superar as expectativas Department of State clientes e que possa contribuir com sua fidelidade. [ Fazem pesquisas de satisfacao do cliente, planejando estrategias competitivas na empresa parity forcar um perfil ideal focando mutton quad sua mudanca comportamental, alem de integrar o sistema de gestao ] ao de desempenho. Desenvolvimento de competencias: Um dos recursos que as empresas podem fazer parity desenvolver competencias sao os spreads, que identifica & A ; agrave ; s competencias requeridas. Ajuda no investimento de treinamentos e desenvolvimentos e orienta O autodesenvolvimento, visando & A ; agrave ; geracao de resultados superiores e uma sustentacao ao longo pacing. Desenvolvimento de Educacao Corporativa Uma das ferramentas que as organizacoes usam sao os Workshop, que vitamin E uma ferramenta que visa preparar seus gestores para o uso do instrumental disponivel de gestao de desempenho sob uma perspectiva estrategica, orientada parity resultados vitamin E parity desenvolvimento single, os participantes irao aprender a redigir objetivos mensuraveis, contratar, acompanhar desempenho vitamin E dar opiniao, comprometendo subordinados com O seu autodesenvolvimento. Desenvolvimento de equipes e muito importante dentro da organizacao parity que os gestores e os profissionais intendam a import & A ; acirc ; ncia de uma equipe eficaz, assim percebendo as distracoes e dispersoes que ocorrem em grupos de trabalho. Identificando as diferencas caracteristicas de contribuicao e os compromissos de continuidade e de motivacao das equipes, e como podemos fazer isso parity que isso se transforme mutton quad um Plano de acao podendo participar de processos de criacao etc. Ajudar aqueles funcionarios que tenha mais dificuldade de comunicacao e influencia, o gestor ao conhecer as caracteristicas de cada pessoa, e mais facil de conseguir a clareza, objetividade e ideias de cada funcionario, assim resultando mutton quad colocacoes mais oportunas que asseguram fluidez nos processos de comunicacao interpessoal. Um Department of State processos de treinamento e desenvolvimento que as empresas estao cada vez utilizando vitamin E processo de Universidade Corporativa.UNIVERSIDADE CORPORATIVAâ€Å" A Universidade â€Å" Corporativa preocupa-se nao somente com O fator â€Å" qualificar † vitamin E † capacitar † , mas tambem com a apresentacao de uma maneira totalmente inovada de pensar e trabalhar, parity que todos os colaboradores das organizacoes possam desempenhar papeis muito mais amplos no ambiente de trabalho.ObjetivoDesenvolvimento vitamin E Progresso de meios de alavancar novas oportunidadesIngressar em novos mercados globais.Designar relacionamentos mais profundos com os clientes.Incentivar a organizacao parity um novo futuro.FuncaoOrganizar as pessoas parity um novo contexto organizacional, caracterizado por mudancas constantes e alta competitividade que vem se destacando nestes tempos atuais.Import & A ; acirc ; nciaO aperfeicoamento e a expansao do direcionamento para os valores e a cultura desejados hyrax organizacoes.A concepcao de talentos, completando com que a empresa torne-se uma rede de exportacao de talentos, enquanto os demais serao importadores de talento. A vantagem esta no fato de que sendo um gerador de talentos a empresa ficara sempre & A ; agrave ; frente daqueles que os importam.Aumento do heroism district attorney organizacao parity os seus clientes e seus acionistas pela ascensao na capacidade das pessoas.Desenvolvimento nas pessoas na capacidade de aprender a aprender.Negociar a capacidade de trabalho em equipe e o mais importante, de liderar.O crescimento district attorney aptidao de autogerenciamento das pessoas, promovendo por meio district attorney Universidade Corporativa o alinhamento dos objetivos pessoais vitamin E com os objetivos district attorney empresa.CaracteristicasSao pro-ativas, com suas acoes completamente voltadas ao ambiente de negocio de cada organizacao.Atuam no desenvolvimento de competencias essenci ais.Sao inovadoras nas formas de entrega do conhecimento.Tem como premissa a disseminacao do conhecimento â€Å" em qualquer momento, em qualquer lugar † .Atuam no desenvolvimento e no gerenciamento de ferramentas que propiciem de forma intensa a captacao do conhecimento presente na organizacao ( atraves de seus profissionais, clientes, fornecedores e comunidade ) vitamin E sua adequada disseminacao parity facil utilizacao, sempre que necessario.Tem P & A ; uacute ; blico-alvo amplo, nao se restringindo ao P & A ; uacute ; blico interno, mas entendendo que o conhecimento vitamin E desenvolvido vitamin E utilizado por toda a rede de profissionais que envolvem cada organizacao.Procuram acompanhar a utilizacao pratica do conhecimento, ou seja, a transformacao do conhecimento em vantagem competitiva, gerando capital intelectual parity as organizacoes.Desafios vitamin E DificuldadesA alteracao district attorney mentalidade district attorney cultura das pessoas.O estudo com os prof issionais que possuem experiencia mutton quad UC ( universidade coorporativa )Verificacao do programa make beneficios.O comprometimento de Toda as gerencias de primeiro nivel district attorney empresa.A definicao vitamin E O desenvolvimento do modelo de gestao que sera utilizado nessa iniciativa.A procura de desenvolvimento das parcerias.Avaliacao Department of State resultados.Periodo de criacao de novos produtos.Os Plano de Marketing vitamin E de Comunicacao parity alavancar a imagem district attorney empresa.O exercicio vitamin E treinamento district attorney equipe de facilitadores.Ausencia district attorney compreensao do que venha a ser a Universidade Corporativa.BeneficiosA Universidade Coorporativa permite O envolvimento entire das pessoas que compoem as organizacoes nas empresas no & A ; acirc ; mbito interno vitamin E externo, possibilitando O conhecimento district attorney organizacao, cultura, tradicoes, projeto, qualidade, resultando num envolvimento muito maior com O n egocio vitamin E os objetivos.A IMPORTANCIA DA UNIVERSIDADE CORPORATIVA NO CENARIO ATUAL.Em ambiente de negocios marcado pela constante necessidade de inovacao, agilidade, flexibilidade, competitividade, diferenciacao frente a concorrentes, em que O conhecimento necessario aos profissionais muda cada vez mais rapido, em que a pratica de uma gestao competitiva vitamin E cardinal, faz-se necessario desenvolver ferramentas de geracao, disseminacao, aplicacao vitamin E comprovacao do conhecimento cada vez mais focado no â€Å" negocio e estrategia † de cada organizacao. As countries de treinamento enfrentam dificuldades para atender essa demanda, por configurarem suas acoes de maneira reativa, voltadas ao P & A ; uacute ; blico interno vitamin E ao desenvolvimento de habilidades e pouco inovadoras com relacao & A ; agrave ; s formas de disseminacao e gerenciamento do conhecimento. Frente a essa demanda foram surgindo, mais intensivamente nos & A ; uacute ; ltimos Fatah Revolutionary Councils, as universidades corporativas. Um conceito ainda recente no Brasil, essas universidades instaladas ( fisica ou virtualmente ) sodium organizacoes apresentam algumas caracteristicas especificas parity atender as necessidades citadas, que as diferenciam de countries de treinamento vitamin E desenvolvimento ( T & A ; D ) : sao proativas, com suas acoes que tem a finalidade parity melhorar O ambiente dos negocios de uma organizacao ; atuam no desenvolvimento de competencias essenciais, sao maneiras de inovar a entrega do conhecimento ; tem como a sua chief vantagem O aumento do conhecimento diversos momentos ; que participam na capacitacao make desenvolvimento e gerenciamento hyraxs diversas ferramentas que propiciem de forma intensa O aprendizado do conhecimento presente na organizacao vitamin E com a correta maneira de disseminar parity facil utilizacao ; tem p & amp ; uacute ; blico dirigido, nao se limitando ao P & A ; uacute ; blico interno, mas proporcionando que O conhecimento seja desenvolvido vitamin E utiliz ado pela totalidade district attorney rede de profissionais que envolvem cada organizacao ; e, finalmente, buscam seguir a utilizacao district attorney pratica do conhecimento, ou seja, a mudanca do conhecimento em vantagem competitiva, gerando capital intelectual parity as organizacoes. Alem disso, as universidades corporativas, por contarem com um P & A ; uacute ; blico mais amplo vitamin E com acoes mais bem dimensionadas, representam nao um centro de custo parity a organizacao, mas sim uma reducao de custos nos programas de educacao continuada, um entendimento de que devem ser autossustentaveis, e uma visao, ja presente em algumas organizacoes, de que devem ser um centro de lucro. Essas universidades nao visam a substituir ou disputar espaco com as universidades tradicionais. Pelo contrario, elas sao complementares na medida mutton quad que a universidade tradicional fornece toda a formacao conceitual vitamin E metodologica aos profissionais, enquanto a corporativa oportuniza formacao focada no ambiente de negocios, desenvolvendo, pelo mapeamento de â€Å" trilhas de capacitacao † , o aprimoramento nas competencias essenciais ou criticas de cada organizacao. Sao fortes as possibilidades e os casos de sucesso de aliancas estabelecidas entre as universidades corporativas vitamin E as universidades tradicionais, visando & A ; agrave ; formacao district attorney rede de trabalho district attorney organizacao ou levando isso & A ; agrave ; comunidade, capacitando vitamin E aumentando a empregabilidade de profissionais. Alem disso, as universidades corporativas tem um papel muito forte no desenvolvimento vitamin E disseminacao district attorney cultura de cada organizacao, sendo focado mutton quad resultados corporativos, presente em todas as countries e alcancando todos os profissionais envolvidos em cada processo. Sao grandes os desafios na criacao de uma universidade corporativa, mas sao m & A ; uacute ; ltiplos os beneficios, pois, alem de vantagem competitiva, desenvolve fortemente a capacitacao Department of State profissionais, o entendimento make negocio, as formas de comunicacao, a capacidade de aprender e de compartilhar e o desenvolvimento district attorney cultura organizacional, representando uma acao sistemica, voltada & A ; agrave ; s necessidades impostas pela globalizacao vitamin E complexidade do atual ambiente de negocios. Na pratica, a Universidade Corporativa oferece aos colaboradores cursos presenciais vitamin E on-line, workshops, congressos vitamin E seminarios, alem de muitas outras atividades de desenvolvimento. e bom destacar que Toda essa estrutura de educacao corporativa tem como base O mapeamento hyrax competencias que atendem & A ; agrave ; s necessidades da organizacao. E como nao poderia ser diferente, a selecao hyrax acoes educacionais e realizado de forma bem estruturada e dela participam os gestores, os consultores internos de RH, os especialistas internos de educacao e os proprios funcionarios da companhia. Esse trabalho mutton quad conjunto resulta, por exemplo, na elaboracao de Planos de Desenvolvimento de Equipes, que levam mutton quad consideracao as reais oportunidades, necessidades e prioridades de desenvolvimento dentro district attorney empresa. Umas das empresas que demonstra um investimento alto no processo de Universidade Corporativa vitamin E Ambev.AMBEVSer a â€Å" Melhor Empresa de Bebidas do Mundo em um Mundo Melhor † . Esta e a missao district attorney AmBev, empresa de capital aberto, sediada mutton quad Sao Paulo, no Brasil, com operacoes em 14 paises das Americas ( Argentina, Brasil, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, El Salvador, Equador, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Paraguai, Peru, Rep & A ; uacute ; blica Dominicana, Uruguai e Venezuela ) . Dona de um portfolio de â€Å" estrelas † como Antarctica, Brahma, Bohemia, Skol, Original, Stella Artois ; o refrigerante Guarana Antarctica, Soda, Pepsi vitamin E Sukita, alem hyrax inovacoes H2OH! vitamin E Guarah! a AmBev vitamin E lider no superior hyrax cervejarias na America Latina. Reconhecida como uma hyrax melhores empresas para Se trabalhar, a AmBev tem em seus 39 mil funcionarios – 23 mil so no Brasil – sua maior fortaleza. Por isso, investem continuamente no desenvolvimento vitamin E sucesso de sua Gente, que vitamin E incentivada a se sentir Dona district attorney companhia vitamin E pensar grande. Pioneira, desenvolve o Programa AmBev de Consumo Responsavel ha sete Fatah Revolutionary Councils, fazendo campanhas de conscientizacao sobre o uso indevido do alcool norteado pelas premissas district attorney Organizacao Mundial da Sa & A ; uacute ; de ( OMS ) . Sua reconhecida excelencia mutton quad gestao gera retorno aos seus acionistas e garante atuacao sustentavel. Em 2008, atingiu volume de vendas de 146,9 milhoes de hectolitros de bebidas e receita liquida de R $ 20,9 bilhoes. No mesmo Fatah Revolutionary Council, destinou R $ 206 milhoes para acoes socioambientais. Entre os principais resultados estao: sete unidades fabris ja operam com geracao de energia por meio de biomassa e reducao de 23 % no consumo de agua nos & A ; uacute ; ltimos seis Fatah Revolutionary Councils. Uma prova de que e possivel aliar crescimento & A ; agrave ; sustentabilidade.Oportunidades de CrescerOportunidades de Crescer A AmBev tem um Plano de gestao de carreiro chamado Ciclo de Gente, cujo objetivo vitamin E avaliar, desenvolver e nortear O crescimento pessoal e profissional district attorney Gente AmBev. Ele rhenium & A ; uacute ; ne ferramentas de avaliacao de competencias de 100 % Department of State profissionais, acompanhamento de desempenho e opiniao. Com avaliacoes make resultados hyraxs metas do ano anterior vitamin E make desempenho make funcionario, e avaliacao 360 & A ; deg ; para as liderancas, sao identificadas blanks para o desenvolvimento de cada um. Anualmente sao realizadas reunioes de alinhamento de cada uma hyraxs countries da Companhia, sempre acompanhadas e orientadas pela country de Gente & A ; Gestao. Sao as chamadas Reunioes de Gente, na qual liderancas vitamin E gestores se rhenium & A ; uacute ; nem para discutir perspectivas de carreira, planos de sucessao, treinamento e desenvolvimento de suas equipes. Depois hyrax avaliacoes e do feedback, funcionario vitamin E gestor tracam um Plano de Desenvolvimento Individual, preparado parity ser executado mutton quad um Fatah Revolutionary Council, com acoes que incluem cursos, treinamentos, benchmarking, entre outras atividades. Para cumprir esse Plano, o funcionario recebe suporte district attorney Companhia vitamin E district attorney Universidade AmBev. Conheca os tipos de suporte oferecidos pela AmBev:Universidade AmBevA Universidade AmBev ( UA ) elabora modulos capazes de formar as pessoas que estao ingressando na Companhia, prepara as que serao promovidas, district attorney suporte aos processos district attorney empresa vitamin E assegura a sustentabilidade do negocio. Suas atividades se estendem a Toda as unidades vitamin E niveis organizacionais, por meio de cursos e treinamentos externos vitamin E in Company. Os cursos sao presenciais ou por meio de ferramentas como e-learning ( UA online ) vitamin E televisao corporativa ( TV AmBev ) , divididos mutton quad cinco eixos tematicos que atendem a Toda as funcoes e niveis hierarquicos. Os funcionarios contam ainda com reembolso de ate 70 % do custo mensal de cursos de graduacao e pos-graduacao, e de 100 % , parity cursos tecnicos.Programa de Capacitacao GerencialPara preparar gerentes para posicoes de primeira linha, e aplicado o Programa de Capacitacao Gerencial ( PCG ) , que tem como diferencial a identificacao Department of State sucessores nas Reunioes de Gente e a antecipacao de seu treinamento. Desta forma, preparamos nossos futuros gestores antes mesmo district attorney demanda existir.Television AmBevPara treinamentos vitamin E divulgacao de assuntos district attorney Companhia, como lancamentos de campanhas e de produtos, ha a Television AmBev, transmitida via satelite, que tem as funcoes de veiculo de comunicacao e de transmissao de conhecimento. Um telejornal tambem vitamin E exibido semanalmente parity todos os P & A ; uacute ; blicos, em todas as unidades.MBA AmBevA Companhia tambem oferece O MBA AmBev, em parceria com o Business School Sao Paulo ( BSP ) , que tem como objetivo dar aos executivos uma visao geral do negocio AmBev, competencias de lideranca, alem de acesso & A ; agrave ; s ferramentas de gerenciamento vitamin E & A ; agrave ; s melhores praticas do mercado.Aprendizado de IdiomasPara a capacitacao vitamin E aprendizado de idiomas, a AmBev oferece bolsas de estudos parciais em cursos presenciais vitamin E via e-learning.7-TREINAMENTO X MOTIVACO -AMBEVDavies ( 1976, p.27 ) diz: â€Å" Administrar um programa de treinamento e um processo extremamente complexo. O ciclo district attorney administracao, contudo, e realmente muito simples e consiste de quatro atividades distintas: planejamento, organizacao, direcao vitamin E controle. Um administrador de treinamento planeja quando decidem quais sao os objetivos de ensino a serem alcancados. A organizacao envolve O arranjo e a alocacao de recursos que tem disponiveis, tanto fisicos como humanos, de modo a melhor realizar os seus objetivos. Dirigir e uma qualidade pessoal, – Revolutionary People's Struggle esta relacionada tanto com a motivacao vitamin E encorajamento como a influencia sobre os alunos parity os quais os objetivos de ensino sao mais faceis de atingidos. Um administrador de treinamento controla, quando ele tomando mutton quad atencao O que criou determina Se, na verdade, a sua organizacao vitamin E atividades de direcao estao realizando os objetivos de ensino aceitos. O & A ; uacute ; nico c riterio parity medir a eficacia de um programa de treinamento e o n & A ; uacute ; mero make objetivos de ensino atingidos com sucesso de modo motivado † . Como exemplo de empresa que adquire O treinamento como ferramenta de trabalho, podemos citar a Ambev, que Irish Republican Army investir R $ 20 milhoes em treinamento vitamin E aprimoramento de seus colaboradores em 2010. vitamin E maior ind & A ; uacute ; stria brasileira de bebidas, a Ambev possui no seu portfolio de produtos cervejas, refrigerantes, isotonicos, chas vitamin E Bufo marinus. Entre as marcas que comercializa destacam-se Brahma, Skol, Antarctica, Bohemia, Guarana Antarctica, Pepsi, Lipton Ice Tea vitamin E Gatorade. No Brasil, a Companhia atende um milhao de pontos-de-venda vitamin E possui 33 fabricas de bebidas. A Companhia, que esta presente em todas as Americas, possui O maior banco genetico de guarana do mundo, localizado na Fazenda Santa Helena, mutton quad Maues ( AM ) . O heroism investido mutton quad treinamento sera de 25 % superior ao investido pela companhia no Fatah Revolutionary Council lunge. A empresa conta com sua Universidade, Ambev, que integra todos os programas de treinamento district attorney companhia, dos funcionarios das fabricas ao presidente. No & amp ; uacute ; ltimo Fatah Revolutionary Council, foram treinadas 31 mil pessoas, somando mais de 39 mil horas de cursos. Desde sua inauguracao, ha 15 Fatah Revolutionary Councils, a Universidade Ambev ja recebeu mais de R $ 150 milhoes de investimento. A empresa recruta vitamin E mantem os melhores talentos. Oferece oportunidades de educacao no Brasil e no outside, alem de treinamentos especificos para cada tipo de funcao. A Companhia entende que capacitar pessoas vitamin E uma contribuicao essencial parity a formacao de cidadaos vitamin E parity O desenvolvimento societal do pais. A Companhia oferece O programa Universidade Ambev, que promove O aperfeicoamento de seus funcionarios e distribuidores por meio de treinamentos presenciais e ferramentas como e-learning vitamin E televisao corporativa. Seus funcionarios tambem contam com reembolso built-in parity custear cursos tecnicos vitamin E parciais parity cursos de graduacao e pos-graduacao. A empresa tambem investe vitamin E prepara os futuros gestores da Companhia atraves do Programa de Capacitacao Gerencial. Gerentes e outros executivos participam de programas de treinamento tecnico e gerencial sodiums principais universidades do Brasil, dos Estados Unidos vitamin E district attorney Europa. A Ambev vitamin E uma ferramenta de comunicacao, capaz de interligar as operacoes de norte a sul do Pais e atingir cerca de 20 mil pessoas. Sua televisao corporativa existente desde 1998, contava com um canal que epoch utilizado como ferramenta de treinamento para forca de vendas propria e revendedores da Companhia. A Television Ambev vitamin E uma iniciativa district attorney Comunicacao Interna Corporativa district attorney empresa, que tem como missao motivar os funcionarios com seu treinamento vitamin E fazer com que eles tenham orgulho district attorney Companhia. A empresa tem como planejamento um alto investimento no treinamento de seus funcionarios, neste Fatah Revolutionary Council de 2010. Serao investido 20 milhoes de reais no aprendizado e na busca district attorney capacitacao do pessoal, dos funcionarios das fabricas ao presidente – 25 % a mais do que o investimento mutton quad 2009. Na empresa, o aperfeicoamento Department of State colaboradores e um assunto muito importante. Um dos Pontus focados esse Fatah Revolutionary Council nos cursos de treinamento e desenvolvimento district attorney lideranca vitamin E district attorney equipe de engenharia e o treinamento district attorney competencia analitica. Isso por que a Ambev quer melhorar vitamin E aumentar o percentual de acerto nos projetos realizados. Um gesto de que a Ambev esta obcecadapela eficiencia operacional vitamin E pelo desempenhofinanceiro, foi O entendimento que as pessoas trabalham por algo maior do que uma gratificacao excess mutton quad dinheiro. e isso que as mantem e aumentam a motivacao vitamin E o desempenho ao longo do pacings, independentemente do cenario externo.CONCLUSaOConcluimos que, treinamento refere-se ao conjunto de experiencias de aprendizagem centradas na posicao atual district attorney organizacao. Trata-se, portanto, de um processo educacional de curto prazo e que envolve todas as acoes que visam deliberadamente ampliar a capacidade hyrax pessoas parity desempenhar melhor as atividades relacionadas ao lading que ocupam na empresa. Ja o desenvolvimento vitamin E dito como um conjunto de experiencias e de aprendizagem que nao necessariamente sao relacionadas aos lading que as pessoas ocupam atualmente, mas que proporcionam oportunidades para O crescimento vitamin E desenvolvimento profissional. Difer ente do treinamento que vitamin E orientado parity O presente, o desenvolvimento de pessoas focaliza os cargos a serem ocupados futuramente na organizacao e os conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes que serao requeridas por seus ocupantes. Desta forma, as acoes voltadas ao desenvolvimento envolvem um compromisso maior com a capacitacao hyrax pessoas. O estudo do conjunto de atividades que visa formar a qualificacao hyrax pessoas nas empresas vitamin E imprescindivel parity reforcar seu diferencial competitivo, em exceptional no longo prazo, permitindo as empresas mais competencia estrategica. Ao tracar O perfil de acoes comuns. Determinada categoria organizacional busca-se melhor compreensao hyrax praticas aceitas bem como as deficiencias ou Pontus de melhoria, permitindo redirecionamentos. O controle vitamin E medicoes de resultado de treinamento ainda sao basicos na maioria. Nota-se a necessidade de mais atuacao estrategica e voltada parity as competencias centrais hyrax empresas. Cabe entao um alerta & A ; agrave ; busca por formacao estrategica em todos os niveis, desde as funcoes operacionais & A ; agrave ; s gerenciais, deve & amp ; agrave ; empresa reforcar comportamentos inerentes a sua postura competitiva, valores e creeds que pertencem & A ; agrave ; cultura organizacional. Desde que O homem compreendeu que poderia racionalizar O trabalho Department of State funcionarios, tornando eficiente seu desempenho, teorias presentes nas escolas classicas e cientificas district attorney administracao, a atividade de treinamento comecou ter mais atencao. Porem, mesmo com Toda evolucao percebida desde Thai praticas, as acoes realizadas pela maioria das empresas ainda tem loud carater de melhoria district attorney produtividade. Acreditamos que uma hyrax grandes preocupacoes que as organizacoes enfrentam e o de como manter os â€Å" talentos humanos † , uma vez que eles atingem um alto grau de empregabilidade, por meio da elevacao da capacitacao vitamin E district attorney public presentation profissional. A empresa apresentara funcionarios capacitados, deixando-os mais adequados & A ; agrave ; realidade do mercado. Assim, o aumento district attorney pressao pela procura Department of State profissionais altamente capacitados aumenta, obrigando, necessariamente, que Toda as empresas elevem seu grau de empregabilidade, ou seja, retendo seus talentos. Podemos desta forma, entender que tanto as necessidades atuais como as futuras district attorney organizacao devem ser foco do planejamento de Treinamento vitamin E Desenvolvimento, vitamin E principalmente o exemplo de Ambev, o investimento mutton quad Universidade Corporativa uma vez que O contexto organizacional, e o mercado exigem uma postura eficaz na apresentacao de qualificacao das pessoas para este cenario. Desta forma, cabe & A ; agrave ; s empresas, liderancas earea de Treinamento vitamin E Desenvolvimento facilitaremparaque a empresas vitamin E colaboradores saia beneficiados, o aprendizado eo maior tesouro que podemos adquirir.REFEReNCIAS BIBLIOGRaFICASChiavenato, Idalberto. Administracao de Recursos Humanos 7 & A ; deg ; edicaoChiavenato, Idalberto. Treinamento e Desenvolvimento 7 & A ; deg ; edicao.Chiavenato, Idalberto. Gestao de Pessoas 3 & A ; deg ; edicao.III Wagner A. John, HollenBeck John. Comportamento Organizacional-Criando Vantagem Competitiva.Anuario district attorney Universidade Ambev 2009 – Ambev.Site. www.ambev.com.brSite. www.rh.com.br